2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid (2-hydroxyisovaleric acid) is a metabolite found in the urine of patients with phenylketonuria methylmalonic acidemia propionic acidemia 3-ketothiolase deficiency isovaleric acidemia 3-methylcrotonylglycemia 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acidemia multiple carboxylase deficiency glutaric aciduria ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency glyceroluria tyrosinemia type I galactosemia and maple syrup urine disease.

Substance P (1-7)(TFA) is a fragment of the neuropeptide, substance P (SP).

AG-09/1 is a selective and potent formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) agonist that activates chemotaxis in human neutrophils.